¸ßУӢÓïרҵÓïƪ·Òë½Ìѧ¸Ä¸ïÓëʵ¼ù(3)
ʱ¼ä£º2013-10-05 10:12 ÎÄÕÂÀ´Ô´£ºhttp://www.lunwenbuluo.com ×÷Õߣº³£êÍ µã»÷´ÎÊý£º
¡¡¡¡ÓïÑÔÊÀ½çËƺõÊÇÓÉÊ®·Ö¸´ÔÓµÄÒò¹ûÍøÂç¹¹³ÉµÄ£¨Croft£¬2006£©¡£ÓïÑԹᴩÁËÒ»ÌõÒò¹ûÁ´¡£ÓïÑÔѧϰÊÇѧϰÓïÑÔµÄÒò¹û¹Øϵ£»Òò¹ûÅжÏÊÇÒò¹û¸ÅÄîµÄ»ù´¡¡£ÓïÑÔÊÇÓÉÒò¹ûÍøÂç½á¹¹°ÑÊÂÎïºÍʼþÁ¬½ÓÆðÀ´µÄÓлúÕûÌå¡££¨Tomasello£¬1998£©Ê¼þÊÇÓïÑÔ»ù±¾¼òµ¥¾ä±í´ïµÄ¡£“ÎÄ×ÖÓÐÒâÔò³É¾ä”£¬“¾ä×ÓÊÇÃñ×åÎÄ»¯µÄ½á¾§”¡£»ù±¾¼òµ¥¾äÐÍÊÇÐÎʽÓëÒâÒåÆ¥ÅäµÄʵÌ壬Õâ¾ÍÊÇÓïÑÔÊÂʵ£¬Ã»ÓÐÆÛÆÐÔ¡£Ê¼þ´ÓÓïÑÔƪÕµÄÒâÒåÁ´ÉÏÇзÖÏÂÀ´£¬×÷Ϊһ¸ö˼άµ¥Î»ºÍ¸ÅÄ룬°Ñ¸ÅÄî˼άÓëºÍת»»×÷Ϊһ¸öʵÌå¶ø³ÉΪһ¸öÀíÏëµÄ·Ò뵥루PeterNewmark£¬1982£©¡£
¡¡¡¡ÓïÑÔÒÔÓïÒåΪºËÐĵģ¬ÓÉÒâÒåÍøÂç°ÑÓïÑÔÊÂÎïºÍʼþÁ¬½ÓÆðÀ´µÄÓлúÕûÌå¡£°ÑÒ»´®ÓïÑÔʼþÁ¬½ÓÆðÀ´¾Í³ÉÁËÓïƪ¡£·Òë¾ÍÊÇÔÚÓïƪµÄÒâÒåÁ´ÉÏÇзÖʼþ¸ÅÄʵÐиÅÄî˼ά£¬Ë«Óïת»»£¬²úÉú·ûºÏÒªÇóµÄÒëÎÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨Ò»£©ÓïƪµÄʼþÁ¬½Ó
¡¡¡¡ÒÔʼþΪºËÐĵķÒëģʽÊǽ¨Á¢ÔÚÓïÑԵŦÄÜ·ÒëÀíÂ۵Ļù´¡Éϵġ£Ò»¸öÓïƪÊôÓÚʲôÐ޴ǹ¦ÄÜ£¬ÀýÈ磬ÐðÊ¡¢ÃèÊö¡¢·ÖÀ໹ÊǶ¨Òå¡£Ò»ÖÖÐ޴ǹ¦ÄܵÄÓïƪ´óÁ¿´æÔÚ£¬¶àÖÖ¹¦ÄܽáºÏÃèÊöÒ»¸öÓïƪҲÊÇÂżû²»Ïʵģ¨Halliday£¬1994£©¡£¿´ÏÂÃæÒ»¶Î£º
¡¡¡¡1.Ourdiurnalexistenceisdividedintotwophases£¬asdistinctasdayandnight.
¡¡¡¡2.Wecallthemworkandplay.3.Weworksomanyhoursaday£¬and£¬£¨4.whenwehaveallowedthenecessaryminimumforsuchactivitiesaseatingandshopping£¬5.therestwespendinvariousactivitieswhichareknownasrecreations£¬£©6.anelegantwordwhichdisguisesthefactthatweusuallydonotevenplayinourhoursofleisure£¬butspendtheminvariousformsofpassiveenjoymentorentertainment—notfootballbutwatchingfootballmatches£»notactingbuttheatre-going£»notwalking£¬butridinginamotorcoach.
¡¡¡¡ÎÒÃÇ°ÑÈÕ¼äÉú»îÈçͬÖçÒ¹Ò»Ñù½ØÈ»·ÖΪÁ½²¿·Ö£»·Ö±ð½ÐËüÃǹ¤×÷ʱ¼äºÍÐÝϢʱ¼ä¡£Ã¿Ì죬ÎÒÃǹ¤×÷Èô¸ÉСʱ£»ÔÊÐíÓñØÐëµÄ×îСʱ¼ä³Ô·¹ºÍ¹ºÎïµÈ»î¶¯£¬È´ÔÊÐí°ÑÆäÓàµÄʱ¼ä»¨ÔÚ¸÷ÖÖ¸÷ÑùµÄÓéÀֻÉÏ¡£ÓéÀÖÊǸö¸ßÑŵĴʣ¬µ«ËüÎÞ·¨ÑÚÊÎÕâ¸öÊÂʵ£ºÎÒÃǾ³£Óü¸¸öСʱÏÐϾʱ¼ä²»ÐÝÏ¢£¬¶øÓÃÓÚ¸÷ÖÖÐÎʽµÄÏû¼«“ÏíÊÜ”——ÓéÀÖ£º²»Ìß×ãÇò¶øÊÇ¿´ÈËÌߣ»²»Ñݳö¶øÊÇÉÏÏ·Ôº£»²»É¢²½¶øÊÇ×øÔÚÆû³µÀﶵ·ç¡£
¡¡¡¡ÕâÒ»¶ÎµÄµÚ1¾äÊǺËÐÄʼþ£¬Ó÷ÖÀàÐÞ´Ç£¬°ÑÖ÷ÓïÊÂÎï·ÖΪÁ½²¿·Ö£¨Á½¸öÖÖ¸ÅÄ£¬µÚ2¾ä¾ßÌåÖ¸Ã÷Á½¸öÖÖ¸ÅÄ¹¤×÷ºÍÐÝÏ¢¡£½Ó×ÅÓÃandÁ¬½Ó²¢Áнṹ£¬°Ñ“¹¤×÷”Ò»µã¶ø¹ý£¬¶øÏêϸÃèÊö“ÐÝÏ¢”Õâ¸öÖÖ¸ÅÄî¡£
¡¡¡¡ÕâÒ»¶Î¹²ÓÐ6¸öʼþ£¬µÚ1¡¢2¾ä¸÷Ϊһ¸öʼþ£»µÚ3¸öʼþÊDz¢ÁоäÖеĵÚ1¸ö·Ö¾ä¡£Õâ3¸öʼþ¶¼ÊÇÔÐÍʼþ£¬ËùÒÔËüÃǵÄÓïÒåÁ¬½ÓÓÃÁË´ú´Ê£¨Our£¬We£¬We£©ÕÕÓ³Á¬½Ó¡£whenÒý³öµÚ4¸öʼþ£¨SVOO£©£¬µÚ5¸öʼþµÄÖ÷ÓïºÍνÓïÓëµÚ4¸öʼþµÄÏàͬ£¬whenÓëwhileÏ൱£¬Ê¹µÚ4¡¢5¸öʼþ½øÐбȽϡ£µÚ6¸öʼþÊǶԵÚ5¸öʼþµÄÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äµÄrecreationµÄͬλÓïanelegantword½øÐÐÏêϸÃèÊö¡£factºó»®ÏßµÄÊÇͬλÓï´Ó¾äÓÓnot…but”ʼþ¸ÅÄîÁ¬½ÓµÃ½ôÃÜ×ÔÈ»¡£ÎÄÕÂÏÔÈ»²ûÃ÷×÷Õ߶ÔÐÝϢʼþµÄÏû¼«ÓéÀÖ³ÖÅúÆÀ̬¶È¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨¶þ£©·ÒëµÄʼþ²Î¿¼µã
¡¡¡¡ÓïƪµÄʼþ·ÖÎöºó£¬¾Í°ÑʼþÇзֿªÀ´£¬½øÐÐÂ߼˼άºÍת»»¡£·ÒëÐÐΪ½ô½ô¿ÛסºËÐÄʼþÕâ¸ö²Î¿¼µã£¬ÍÆÇÃÓï¾äºÍ´ÊÓïµÄ׼ȷ¡¢Á¬¹á¡¢ÏνӺÍÓÅÑÅ£¨ÕÅ÷¸Ú£¬2011£©¡£
¡¡¡¡1.Youngmenwhohavereasonstofearthattheywillbekilledinbattlemayjustifiablyfeelbitterinthethoughtthattheyhavebeencheatedofthebestthingsthatlifehastooffer.
¡¡¡¡ÓÐÀíÓɵ£ÐÄ×Ô¼º½«ËÀÔÚÕ½³¡ÉϵÄÄêÇáÈË£¬Ïëµ½ÉúÃüÄܸøÓè×Ô¼º×îÃÀºÃµÄ¶«Î÷±»Æȥʱ£¬¸Ðµ½Ê®·ÖÍ´¿à£¬ÕâÊÇÎÞ¿É·ÇÒéµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡Õâ¾äºÚÌåÊDZ¾¾äµÄºËÐÄʼþ£¬¶øÇÒÊÇÆÀÊö¹¦ÄÜʼþ¡£È«¾äÒÔºÚÌåΪÖÐÐÄÕ¹¿ªÆÀÊö¡£¾ä×ÓÀïµÄÆäËüʼþ¶¼ÊÇΧ×ÅÕâ¸öºËÐÄʼþ£¬ËµÃ÷Õâ¸öºËÐÄʼþµÄ¡£Youngmenmayjustifiablyfeelbitter.Õâ¸öºËÐÄʼþµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ£ºÇàÄêÈË¿ÉÄܸе½¿àÄÕ£¬ÊÇÎÞ¿É·ÇÒéµÄ¡£ÓÉÓÚÓïÑÔÊÇÒÔºËÐÄʼþÕ¹¿ªµÄÒò¹ûÍøÂ磬ÊƱØ˵Ã÷ÆäÔÒò¡£±¾¾äµÄ·ÇºÚÌå¾ÍÊÇΧÈÆÖ÷¾äʼþ£¬²ûÊöÔÒò¶øÕ¹¿ªµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡2.Raindropspoundedthehardstreet£¬capturedthedimsilverglowofthestreetlamp£¬bouncedagainstsidewalksinglisteningsparks£¬thendisappearedliketinyephemeraljewels£¬intothedarkness.
¡¡¡¡Óêµã´òÔÚ½ÖµÀ¼áʵµÄ·ÃæÉÏ£¬ëüëʵĽֵÀ·µÆ·¢³öÒøÉ«µÄ¹â»Ô£»ÉÁ˸µÄË®»¨Ïò½ÖµÀÁ½ÅԷɽ¦£¬ËæºóÏñССµÄ×ê½äÒ»ÑùÏûʧÔÚҹɫÀï¡£
¡¡¡¡Õâ¾äÊDz¢Áнṹ£¬²¢Áм¸¸öʼþ¸ÅÄºÚÌåÊÇÃèÊöÐÔºËÐÄʼþ¡£¾ä×ÓΧÈƺÚÌåʼþÐÞ´Ç£¬¾«µñϸ¿Ì£¬¹Û²ìϸ΢£¬ÃèÊöϸÖ£¬ÓïÑÔÉú¶¯£¬ÃÀ²»Ê¤ÊÕ¡£ÎÒÃǵÄÀí½â¡¢×ª»»£¬½ô¿ÛºÚÌåºËÐÄʼþ£¬½øÐГ˼Ë÷”ºÍ“ÏëÏ󔣬ºËÐÄʼþµÄÀí½âºÍ±í´ï¼«ÆäÖØÒª£¬ÒòΪÆäÓàµÄʼþ¶¼ÊÇÒÔËüΪ²Î¿¼µã½øÐÐ˼άºÍ·ÒëÐÐÎÄÐ޴ǵģ¬½«ÔÎÄ×÷ÕßµÄ×ÖÃæÐÞ´ÇÃÀºÍʼþÕ¹ÏֵĻÃæÃÀ¾¡¿ÉÄÜչʾÔÚ¶ÁÕßÃæÇ°¡£
¡¡¡¡ËÄ¡¢½áÓï
¡¡¡¡×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬ÓïƪÊÇÒÔ»ù±¾Ê¼þΪºËÐÄÕ¹¿ªµÄ£¬¾ßÓбȾä×Ó¸ü´óµÄ¸ÅÄîʵÌå¡£ÓïƪµÄºËÐÄʼþ¾ö¶¨ÓïƪµÄÊôÐÔ£¬×¥×¡ºËÐÄʼþ£¬Óïƪ·Òë¹ý³ÌµÄÀí½âºÍ±í´ïµÄÄÑÌⶼ»áÓÈжø½â¡£Óɴ˿ɼû£¬ÔÚ¸ßУӢÓïרҵÓïƪ·Òë½ÌѧÖУ¬½ÌʦÈç¹û°ÑÎÕÁËÓïƪ·ÒëʼþµÄÇзַ¨£¬Òýµ¼Ñ§Éú½øÐÐÓïƪ·ÖÎö¡¢Óïƪ·Òëѧϰ£¬Õâ¶Ô¸Ä±ä´«Í³µÄ·Òë½Ìѧ·½·¨ºÍÀíÄÅàÑøÈ«Çò»¯ÓᄈϷþÎñÉç»áµÄÓ¦ÓÃÐÍ¡¢¸´ºÏÐÍ·ÒëÈ˲Ž«Æðµ½»ý¼«µÄÍƶ¯×÷Óá£
¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
¡¡¡¡[1]Adele.E.G..Constructions£ºPatternsofExperienceinPatternsofLanguage[M].NewJersey£ºLawrenceErlbaumAssociates£¬Publishes£¬2006.
¡¡¡¡[2]MichaelTomasello.TheNewPsychologyofLanguage£ºCognitiveandFunctionalApproachestoLanguageStructure[M].NewJersey£ºLawrenceErlbaumAssociates£¬Publishes£¬1998.
¡¡¡¡[3]WilliamCroft.TheStructureofEventsandtheStructureofLanguage[M].London£ºCambridgeUniversityPress£¬2006.
¡¡¡¡[4]PeterNewmark£¬ApproachestoTranslation[M].PergamonPress£¬1982.
¡¡¡¡[5]HallidayM.A.K.£¬IntroductiontoFunctionalGrammar[M].London£ºArnold£¬1994.
¡¡¡¡[6]Ñîºì.·Òë½ÌѧµÄʼþ·ÖÎöģʽ[J].Íâ¹úÓïÎÄ£¬2010£¨03£©.
¡¡¡¡[7]³£êÍ.Ó¢ÓïÒò¹ûÐÞ´ÇÓë·Òë[M].³¤É³£ººþÄÏÈËÃñ³ö°æÉ磬2009.
¡¡¡¡[8]ÕÅ÷¸Ú.Ó¢ºº·Òëʼþ½Ìѧ·¨[M].±±¾©£º¹ú·À¹¤Òµ³ö°æÉ磬2011.
¡¡¡¡[9]·ûÃ÷.¿Æ¼¼Ó¢Óï“»ýľ”µÄ·ÒëÑо¿[J].Öйú·Ò룬1999£¨01£©.
- ¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎIJ¿ÂäÌṩºËÐÄÆÚ¿¯¡¢¹ú¼Ò¼¶ÆÚ¿¯¡¢Ê¡¼¶ÆÚ¿¯¡¢SCIÆÚ¿¯ºÍEIÆÚ¿¯µÈ×Éѯ·þÎñ¡£
- ¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎIJ¿ÂäÓµÓÐÒ»Ö§¾Ñé·á¸»¡¢¸ß¶ËרҵµÄ±à¼ÍŶӣ¬¿É°ïÖúÄúÖ¸µ¼¸÷ÁìÓòѧÊõÎÄÕ£¬ÄúÖ»ÐèÌá³öÏêϸµÄÂÛÎÄд×÷ÒªÇóºÍÏà¹Ø×ÊÁÏ¡£
-
- ¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎÄͶ¸å¿Í·þQQ:
2863358778¡¢
2316118108
-
- ¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎÄͶ¸åµç»°:15380085870
-
- ¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎÄͶ¸åÓÊÏä:lunwenbuluo@126.com